Problematics of Post-Divorce Child Custody (Hadhanah) from the Perspectives of Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law
Keywords:
Child Custody, Post-Divorce, Islamic Law, Positive Law, Child ProtectionAbstract
This study examines the problems surrounding child custody following divorce, particularly the regulation of hadhanah in Islamic law and child custody arrangements under the Indonesian legal system. The central issue addressed in this study is the gap between Religious Court decisions and social realities in the implementation of child custody, where disputes are often not determined by who is most capable of providing proper care, but rather by who has greater power or control over the child. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary data are derived from laws and regulations, while secondary data are obtained from relevant legal literature and collected through library research. The findings reveal two major post-divorce child custody problems: first, both parents insist on obtaining custody, resulting in legal disputes over custodial rights; second, neither parent assumes responsibility for childcare after divorce, as each shifts responsibility to the other. These conditions have serious adverse effects on children’s psychological well-being, welfare, and education. This analysis emphasizes a shift in the interpretation and application of child custody law, moving from a formalistic legal approach toward the best interests of the child principle as the primary consideration.
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